Introduction
Biology basics covers fundamental concepts about life, living organisms, and the intricate systems that govern their existence. Perfect for beginners and students.
Biology Basics: One-liner Questions
General Biology
- What is biology?
- Who is known as the father of biology?
- What is the basic unit of life?
- What is cell theory?
- What are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
- What is the study of heredity called?
- What are the levels of biological organization?
- What is taxonomy?
- What is binomial nomenclature?
- What are the characteristics of living organisms?
Cell Biology
- What are the main parts of a cell?
- What is the function of the nucleus?
- What is cytoplasm?
- What are ribosomes?
- What is the function of mitochondria?
- What is the cell membrane made of?
- What is the difference between plant and animal cells?
- What are vacuoles?
- What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
- What are lysosomes?
Genetics
- What is a gene?
- What is DNA?
- Who discovered the structure of DNA?
- What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
- What are chromosomes?
- What is a mutation?
- What are Mendel’s laws of inheritance?
- What is dominant and recessive inheritance?
- What is a genotype?
- What is a phenotype?
Human Anatomy and Physiology
- What is the circulatory system?
- What is the role of the heart?
- What is the nervous system?
- What are neurons?
- What is the digestive system?
- What are enzymes?
- What is the function of the liver?
- What is the endocrine system?
- What are hormones?
- What is the function of the respiratory system?
Ecology and Environment
- What is ecology?
- What are ecosystems?
- What is a food chain?
- What is a food web?
- What are trophic levels?
- What is biodiversity?
- What are producers and consumers?
- What is the role of decomposers?
- What is the greenhouse effect?
- What are natural resources?
Biology Basics: Answers
General Biology
- Biology is the study of life and living organisms.
- Aristotle is known as the father of biology.
- The basic unit of life is the cell.
- Cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from preexisting cells.
- Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a defined nucleus.
- The study of heredity is called genetics.
- The levels are molecule, cell, tissue, organ, system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere.
- Taxonomy is the classification of organisms.
- Binomial nomenclature is the two-part scientific naming of species.
- Living organisms exhibit growth, reproduction, metabolism, response to stimuli, and homeostasis.
Cell Biology
- The main parts are the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.
- The nucleus stores genetic material and controls cell activities.
- Cytoplasm is the gel-like substance within the cell membrane.
- Ribosomes are organelles that synthesize proteins.
- Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, producing energy.
- The cell membrane is made of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins.
- Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, unlike animal cells.
- Vacuoles are storage sacs for nutrients and waste.
- The Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and transports proteins.
- Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest waste and old organelles.
Genetics
- A gene is a unit of heredity.
- DNA is the molecule that carries genetic information.
- James Watson and Francis Crick discovered DNA’s double-helix structure.
- DNA is double-stranded and stores genetic information, while RNA is single-stranded and helps in protein synthesis.
- Chromosomes are structures made of DNA and protein.
- A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence.
- Mendel’s laws describe how traits are inherited through generations.
- Dominant traits mask recessive traits.
- A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism.
- A phenotype is the observable traits of an organism.
Human Anatomy and Physiology
- The circulatory system transports blood and nutrients.
- The heart pumps blood through the body.
- The nervous system controls body functions and communication.
- Neurons are cells that transmit signals in the nervous system.
- The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients.
- Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions.
- The liver processes nutrients and detoxifies substances.
- The endocrine system regulates hormones.
- Hormones are chemical messengers.
- The respiratory system enables breathing and gas exchange.
Ecology and Environment
- Ecology is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment.
- Ecosystems are communities of organisms and their physical environment.
- A food chain shows the flow of energy between organisms.
- A food web is a network of interlinked food chains.
- Trophic levels represent energy transfer in an ecosystem.
- Biodiversity is the variety of life in an area.
- Producers create energy through photosynthesis; consumers eat other organisms.
- Decomposers break down organic material.
- The greenhouse effect traps heat in Earth’s atmosphere.
- Natural resources are materials from Earth used by humans.
Biology Basics: Key Takeaways
- Biology is the science of life and living organisms.
- Cells are the fundamental unit of all living organisms.
- Genetics explains inheritance and DNA functions.
- Ecosystems showcase the balance of energy flow.
- Human anatomy involves systems like circulatory and nervous.
- The environment is interconnected with biology.
- Mendel’s principles are key to understanding inheritance.
- Mitochondria are vital for energy in cells.
- Biodiversity is crucial for ecological stability.
- Understanding biology aids in health, environment, and technology.
Additional one-liner questions and answers on Biology basics:
Biology Basics: Additional One-liner Questions
General Biology
- What is homeostasis in biology?
- What is the scientific method?
- What is metabolism?
- What is the role of water in living organisms?
- What is adaptation in biology?
- What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
- What is biochemistry?
- What are macromolecules in biology?
- What is the role of enzymes in metabolism?
- What are the five kingdoms of classification?
Cell Biology
- What is the function of chloroplasts?
- What is osmosis?
- What is diffusion?
- What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum?
- What are centrioles?
- What are plastids?
- What is the function of the cell wall?
- What is a chromosome made of?
- What are stem cells?
- What is apoptosis?
Genetics
- What is genetic engineering?
- What is a genetic disorder?
- What is the Human Genome Project?
- What is genetic drift?
- What is a pedigree chart?
- What are alleles?
- What is a Punnett square?
- What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?
- What is recombinant DNA?
- What is epigenetics?
Evolution
- What is evolution?
- Who proposed the theory of evolution?
- What is natural selection?
- What is speciation?
- What is the fossil record?
- What is the concept of a common ancestor?
- What is adaptive radiation?
- What is genetic variation?
- What is artificial selection?
- What is the evidence for evolution?
Human Anatomy and Physiology
- What is the skeletal system?
- What are joints?
- What is the immune system?
- What are antibodies?
- What is blood composed of?
- What is the function of the kidneys?
- What are alveoli?
- What is the lymphatic system?
- What are the five senses?
- What is the role of hemoglobin?
Microorganisms and Biotechnology
- What are microorganisms?
- What is the importance of bacteria?
- What are viruses?
- What is fermentation?
- What are vaccines?
- What is biotechnology?
- What is cloning?
- What is the role of microorganisms in nitrogen fixation?
- What is antibiotic resistance?
- What are GMOs?
Plant Biology
- What is photosynthesis?
- What is transpiration?
- What are xylem and phloem?
- What is the function of stomata?
- What are root hairs?
- What is pollination?
- What is fertilization in plants?
- What are angiosperms?
- What are gymnosperms?
- What are the different types of plant movements?
Ecology and Environment
- What is an abiotic factor?
- What is a biotic factor?
- What is the water cycle?
- What is the nitrogen cycle?
- What is ecological succession?
- What are invasive species?
- What is deforestation?
- What is conservation biology?
- What are renewable resources?
- What is global warming?
Biology Basics: Additional Answers
General Biology
- Homeostasis is the process by which living organisms maintain a stable internal environment.
- The scientific method is a systematic approach to experimentation and observation.
- Metabolism is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.
- Water is essential for biochemical reactions, temperature regulation, and transport.
- Adaptation refers to traits that increase an organism’s chances of survival.
- Autotrophs produce their food, while heterotrophs consume others for energy.
- Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes within living organisms.
- Macromolecules are large molecules like proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
- Enzymes act as catalysts in metabolic processes.
- The five kingdoms are Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Cell Biology
- Chloroplasts conduct photosynthesis in plant cells.
- Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane.
- Diffusion is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
- The endoplasmic reticulum aids in protein and lipid synthesis.
- Centrioles are involved in cell division.
- Plastids are organelles in plants that store substances.
- The cell wall provides structure and protection in plant cells.
- A chromosome is made of DNA and proteins.
- Stem cells can differentiate into specialized cell types.
- Apoptosis is programmed cell death.
Genetics
- Genetic engineering manipulates an organism’s DNA for desired traits.
- A genetic disorder is a disease caused by abnormalities in DNA.
- The Human Genome Project mapped all human genes.
- Genetic drift is the change in allele frequency due to chance.
- A pedigree chart represents family inheritance patterns.
- Alleles are different forms of a gene.
- A Punnett square predicts genetic cross outcomes.
- RNA carries genetic instructions for protein synthesis.
- Recombinant DNA combines DNA from different sources.
- Epigenetics studies heritable changes not involving DNA sequence.
Evolution
- Evolution is the change in organisms over generations.
- Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution.
- Natural selection favors traits that improve survival.
- Speciation is the formation of new species.
- The fossil record provides evidence of evolution.
- A common ancestor is a shared predecessor of species.
- Adaptive radiation is the diversification of species into niches.
- Genetic variation arises from mutations and reproduction.
- Artificial selection is breeding for desired traits.
- Evidence for evolution includes fossils, DNA, and anatomy.
Human Anatomy and Physiology
- The skeletal system supports and protects the body.
- Joints connect bones and allow movement.
- The immune system defends against pathogens.
- Antibodies are proteins that fight infections.
- Blood contains plasma, red cells, white cells, and platelets.
- The kidneys filter waste from blood.
- Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs for gas exchange.
- The lymphatic system removes waste and transports lymph.
- The five senses are sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch.
- Hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood.
Microorganisms and Biotechnology
- Microorganisms are tiny organisms like bacteria and fungi.
- Bacteria are vital for digestion, decomposition, and nitrogen fixation.
- Viruses are infectious agents that replicate inside host cells.
- Fermentation is the process of energy production in anaerobic conditions.
- Vaccines provide immunity against diseases.
- Biotechnology uses biological systems for practical purposes.
- Cloning creates genetically identical organisms.
- Microorganisms fix atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms.
- Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria survive antibiotics.
- GMOs are genetically modified organisms.
Biology Basics: Answers (111 to 130)
Plant Biology
- Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy, using carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen.
- Transpiration is the loss of water vapor from plant surfaces, primarily through stomata.
- Xylem transports water and minerals, while phloem transports food (sugars) in plants.
- Stomata are tiny pores on leaf surfaces that regulate gas exchange and water loss.
- Root hairs are extensions of root cells that increase surface area for water and nutrient absorption.
- Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male part (anther) to the female part (stigma) of a flower.
- Fertilization in plants occurs when the male gamete (pollen) fuses with the female gamete (ovule) to form a zygote.
- Angiosperms are flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruits.
- Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants that do not form flowers or fruits; their seeds are exposed on cones.
- Plant movements include phototropism (movement towards light), geotropism (movement in response to gravity), and hydrotropism (movement towards water).
Ecology and Environment
- Abiotic factors are non-living components of the environment, such as sunlight, temperature, and soil.
- Biotic factors are living components of the environment, including plants, animals, and microorganisms.
- The water cycle describes the continuous movement of water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff.
- The nitrogen cycle involves the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms by bacteria and its return to the atmosphere.
- Ecological succession is the gradual process of change in species composition in an ecosystem over time.
- Invasive species are non-native organisms that disrupt ecosystems by outcompeting native species.
- Deforestation is the clearing of forests, leading to habitat destruction, climate change, and biodiversity loss.
- Conservation biology focuses on protecting species, habitats, and ecosystems from extinction or degradation.
- Renewable resources are natural resources that can replenish over time, such as sunlight, wind, and water.
- Global warming refers to the rise in Earth’s average temperature due to increased greenhouse gas emissions.
Also Read: Biology GK Questions in English
(Visited 1 times, 1 visits today)