Category: General Studies-General Science

Indian Science GK for NEET and JEE: Important Questions with Answers

Introduction

Mastering Indian Science GK for NEET and JEE is essential for competitive exams. This article provides 200+ quick questions and answers to enhance your knowledge in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and general science.

1. Who is known as the father of Indian nuclear science? – Homi J. Bhabha.
2. Which Indian physicist won the Nobel Prize in 1930? – C.V. Raman.
3. What is the SI unit of electric current? – Ampere (A).
4. Who proposed the theory of relativity? – Albert Einstein.
5. What is the speed of light in a vacuum? – 3 × 10⁸ m/s.
6. Who discovered the Raman Effect? – C.V. Raman.
7. What is the pH value of pure water? – 7.
8. Which gas is known as laughing gas? – Nitrous Oxide (N₂O).
9. What is the chemical formula of common salt? – NaCl.
10. Which element has the atomic number 1? – Hydrogen.
11. Who is known as the father of Indian surgery? – Sushruta.
12. Which cell organelle is called the powerhouse of the cell? – Mitochondria.
13. What is the study of fossils called? – Paleontology.
14. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting? – Vitamin K.
15. Who discovered the polio vaccine? – Jonas Salk.
16. What is the unit of resistance? – Ohm (Ω).
17. Who invented the electric bulb? – Thomas Edison.
18. Which law states that force equals mass times acceleration? – Newton’s Second Law.
19. What is the SI unit of frequency? – Hertz (Hz).
20. Which device converts mechanical energy into electrical energy? – Generator.
21. Who proposed the Quantum Theory? – Max Planck.
22. What is the value of acceleration due to gravity (g)? – 9.8 m/s².
23. Which mirror is used in vehicles as a rearview mirror? – Convex mirror.
24. What is the phenomenon of light bending around obstacles called? – Diffraction.
25. Who discovered X-rays? – Wilhelm Roentgen.
26. Which acid is present in vinegar? – Acetic acid.
27. What is the lightest element in the periodic table? – Hydrogen.
28. Which gas is used in balloons to make them float? – Helium.
29. What is the chemical name of baking soda? – Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃).
30. Which metal is liquid at room temperature? – Mercury.
31. What is the pH range of acids? – Less than 7.
32. Which element is known as the ‘King of Chemicals’? – Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).
33. What is the full form of LPG? – Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
34. Which gas is responsible for the greenhouse effect? – Carbon dioxide (CO₂).
35. What is the hardest natural substance on Earth? – Diamond.
36. Which is the largest gland in the human body? – Liver.
37. What is the functional unit of the kidney? – Nephron.
38. Which blood group is a universal donor? – O-negative.
39. Who discovered the circulation of blood? – William Harvey.
40. Which part of the brain controls balance? – Cerebellum.
41. What is the study of birds called? – Ornithology.
42. Which vitamin is produced in the human body when exposed to sunlight? – Vitamin D.
43. What is the longest bone in the human body? – Femur.
44. Who is known as the father of genetics? – Gregor Mendel.
45. Which plant hormone promotes growth? – Auxin.
46. Who was the first Indian to go to space? – Rakesh Sharma.
47. Which is the brightest planet in the night sky? – Venus.
48. What is the largest planet in our solar system? – Jupiter.
49. Which Indian mission successfully landed on the Moon? – Chandrayaan-3.
50. Who is known as the ‘Missile Man of India’? – Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam.
51. Which satellite is known as India’s first lunar probe? – Chandrayaan-1.
52. What is the study of stars called? – Astronomy.
53. Which comet is visible from Earth every 76 years? – Halley’s Comet.
54. Who was the first woman to go to space? – Valentina Tereshkova.
55. Which planet is known as the Red Planet? – Mars.
56. Which gas is most abundant in Earth’s atmosphere? – Nitrogen (78%).
57. What is the main cause of ozone layer depletion? – Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
58. Which tree is known as the ‘Lungs of the Earth’? – Amazon Rainforest trees.
59. What is the primary source of energy in an ecosystem? – Sun.
60. Which gas is released during photosynthesis? – Oxygen.
61. What is the full form of CNG? – Compressed Natural Gas.
62. Which Indian state has the largest forest cover? – Madhya Pradesh.
63. What is the main component of biogas? – Methane.
64. Which animal is known as the ‘King of the Jungle’? – Lion.
65. What is the process of converting waste into reusable material called? – Recycling.
66. Who invented the Crescograph? – Jagadish Chandra Bose.
67. Which Indian scientist worked on the ‘Raman Effect’? – C.V. Raman.
68. Who is known as the father of the Indian Space Program? – Vikram Sarabhai.
69. Which Indian mathematician introduced zero? – Aryabhata.
70. Who developed India’s first supercomputer? – Vijay Bhatkar.
71. Which scientist discovered the wireless communication concept? – Jagadish Chandra Bose.
72. Who is the founder of ISRO? – Vikram Sarabhai.
73. Which Indian physicist contributed to quantum mechanics? – Satyendra Nath Bose.
74. Who is known for the invention of the hot filament cathode? – Meghnad Saha.
75. Which Indian scientist worked on nuclear physics? – Homi J. Bhabha.
76. What is the full form of DNA? – Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
77. Which device is used to measure blood pressure? – Sphygmomanometer.
78. What is the study of fungi called? – Mycology.
79. Which instrument is used to measure earthquake intensity? – Seismograph.
80. What is the chemical formula of water? – H₂O.
81. Which gas is used in fire extinguishers? – Carbon dioxide (CO₂).
82. What is the smallest unit of life? – Cell.
83. Which vitamin deficiency causes scurvy? – Vitamin C.
84. What is the main component of the Sun? – Hydrogen and Helium.
85. Which scientist formulated the laws of motion? – Isaac Newton.
86. What is the unit of power? – Watt (W).
87. Which law states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction? – Newton’s Third Law.
88. What is the speed of sound in air at 20°C? – 343 m/s.
89. Which lens is used to correct myopia? – Concave lens.
90. What is the phenomenon of splitting white light into its constituent colors called? – Dispersion.
91. Who discovered the electron? – J.J. Thomson.
92. What is the SI unit of magnetic flux? – Weber (Wb).
93. Which device is used to measure electric current? – Ammeter.
94. What is the principle behind a hydrometer? – Buoyancy.
95. Which type of energy is stored in a stretched spring? – Elastic potential energy.
96. What is the chemical formula of methane? – CH₄.
97. Which metal is the best conductor of electricity? – Silver.
98. What is the common name of sodium hydroxide? – Caustic soda.
99. Which gas is used in refrigerators? – Freon (CFCs).
100. What is the pH of lemon juice? – Around 2 (acidic).
101. Which element has the highest electronegativity? – Fluorine.
102. What is the main component of natural gas? – Methane.
103. Which alloy is used in making aircraft bodies? – Duralumin.
104. What is the chemical name of table salt? – Sodium chloride.
105. Which gas is produced during photosynthesis? – Oxygen.
106. Which gland is known as the master gland? – Pituitary gland.
107. What is the study of tissues called? – Histology.
108. Which part of the plant conducts photosynthesis? – Chloroplast.
109. What is the largest organ in the human body? – Skin.
110. Which vitamin deficiency causes night blindness? – Vitamin A.
111. What is the smallest bone in the human body? – Stapes (in the ear).
112. Which blood cells are responsible for immunity? – White blood cells (WBCs).
113. What is the process of cell division called? – Mitosis.
114. Which enzyme digests proteins in the stomach? – Pepsin.
115. What is the scientific name of humans? – Homo sapiens.
116. Which planet has the most moons? – Jupiter (95 confirmed).
117. What is the name of our galaxy? – Milky Way.
118. Which Indian mission studied the Sun? – Aditya-L1.
119. Who was the first Indian woman in space? – Kalpana Chawla.
120. What is the closest star to Earth after the Sun? – Proxima Centauri.
121. Which spacecraft was the first to land on Mars? – Viking 1.
122. What is the study of the universe called? – Cosmology.
123. Which planet has rings around it? – Saturn.
124. What is a supernova? – Explosion of a star.
125. Which Indian astronaut went to space in 2024? – (Upcoming Gaganyaan mission).
126. Which gas is responsible for acid rain? – Sulfur dioxide (SO₂).
127. What is the main cause of global warming? – Greenhouse gases (CO₂).
128. Which Indian state has the highest biodiversity? – Western Ghats (Kerala).
129. What is the full form of IUCN? – International Union for Conservation of Nature.
130. Which animal is the national animal of India? – Bengal Tiger.
131. What is the process of converting sunlight into energy by plants called? – Photosynthesis.
132. Which gas is essential for respiration? – Oxygen.
133. What is the main source of freshwater on Earth? – Glaciers.
134. Which Indian river is known as the “Ganga of the South”? – Godavari.
135. What is the term for the variety of life on Earth? – Biodiversity.
136. Who developed the first Indian satellite, Aryabhata? – ISRO (1975).
137. Which scientist is known for the “Saha Ionization Equation”? – Meghnad Saha.
138. Who founded the Indian Statistical Institute? – P.C. Mahalanobis.
139. Which Indian physicist worked on black holes? – C.V. Vishveshwara.
140. Who invented the “Jaipur Foot”? – Dr. Pramod Karan Sethi.
141. Which Indian scientist contributed to fiber optics? – Narinder Singh Kapany.
142. Who is known as the “Father of Indian Chemistry”? – Prafulla Chandra Ray.
143. Which Indian mathematician solved Fermat’s Last Theorem? – None (Andrew Wiles solved it).
144. Who developed the first Indian supercomputer, PARAM? – Vijay Bhatkar.
145. Which Indian scientist won the Nobel Prize in Medicine? – Har Gobind Khorana.
146. What is the full form of RNA? – Ribonucleic Acid.
147. Which device is used to measure humidity? – Hygrometer.
148. What is the study of earthquakes called? – Seismology.
149. Which instrument measures wind speed? – Anemometer.
150. What is the chemical formula of glucose? – C₆H₁₂O₆.
151. Which gas is used in advertising signs? – Neon.
152. What is the largest organ in the human body? – Skin.
153. Which vitamin deficiency causes rickets? – Vitamin D.
154. What is the main component of the Earth’s core? – Iron and Nickel.
155. Which scientist discovered penicillin? – Alexander Fleming.
156. Which disease is caused by the deficiency of iodine? – Goiter.
157. What is the study of blood called? – Hematology.
158. Which microorganism causes malaria? – Plasmodium.
159. What is the normal blood pressure range? – 120/80 mmHg.
160. Which vaccine was developed by Jonas Salk? – Polio vaccine.
161. What is the largest part of the human brain? – Cerebrum.
162. Which hormone regulates blood sugar? – Insulin.
163. What is the lifespan of red blood cells? – 120 days.
164. Which disease is caused by vitamin B1 deficiency? – Beriberi.
165. What is the study of viruses called? – Virology.
166. What is the full form of AI? – Artificial Intelligence.
167. Which Indian developed the Pentium chip? – Vinod Dham.
168. What is the binary equivalent of decimal 10? – 1010.
169. Which company developed the first smartphone? – IBM (Simon, 1994).
170. What is the full form of URL? – Uniform Resource Locator.
171. Which Indian IT company is the largest? – TCS (Tata Consultancy Services).
172. What is the brain of a computer called? – CPU.
173. Which programming language is used for AI? – Python.
174. What is the full form of HTTP? – HyperText Transfer Protocol.
175. Who is known as the father of computers? – Charles Babbage.
176. Who was the first Indian to win a Nobel Prize in Science? – C.V. Raman (Physics, 1930).
177. Which Indian scientist won the Nobel Prize in Medicine? – Har Gobind Khorana (1968).
178. Who won the Nobel Prize for the discovery of the structure of DNA? – Watson & Crick.
179. Which woman won the Nobel Prize in Physics? – Marie Curie (1903).
180. Who discovered the neutron? – James Chadwick (Nobel in Physics, 1935).
181. What is the hardest natural substance? – Diamond.
182. Which gas is known as “laughing gas”? – Nitrous Oxide (N₂O).
183. What is the study of algae called? – Phycology.
184. Which planet is known as the “Morning Star”? – Venus.
185. What is the chemical symbol for gold? – Au.
186. Which scientist formulated the laws of heredity? – Gregor Mendel.
187. What is the study of insects called? – Entomology.
188. Which gas is used in photosynthesis? – Carbon dioxide (CO₂).
189. What is the largest moon of Saturn? – Titan.
190. Which Indian state has the highest solar power capacity? – Rajasthan.
191. Which Indian mission successfully landed on the Moon’s south pole? – Chandrayaan-3 (2023).
192. What is the name of India’s first solar mission? – Aditya-L1.
193. Which Indian city hosts ISRO’s headquarters? – Bengaluru.
194. Who is the current chairman of ISRO? – S. Somanath (as of 2024).
195. Which Indian state launched the first solar-powered train? – Delhi (2017).
196. What is the name of India’s reusable rocket project? – RLV-TD.
197. Which Indian scientist developed the Covaxin vaccine? – Dr. Krishna Ella (Bharat Biotech).
198. What is the full form of DRDO? – Defence Research and Development Organisation.
199. Which Indian city is known as the “Silicon Valley of India”? – Bengaluru.
200. What is India’s rank in global scientific publications? – 3rd (as of 2024).

Conclusion

Enhance your Indian Science GK for NEET and JEE with these 200+ one-liner questions. Regular practice will strengthen your conceptual understanding and boost your exam performance.

Disclaimer

The information provided here is for educational purposes only. While we strive for accuracy, some details may change over time. Always refer to updated textbooks and official exam resources for the latest information.

Also Read: Science General Knowledge Questions for Class 6