Physics Basics: 100 One-Liner Questions with Answers

Introduction:
Physics basics explore fundamental concepts like motion, force, energy, and matter interactions, forming the foundation for understanding physical phenomena and technological advancements.

Physics Basics: One-Liner Questions

1. What is physics?
2. Define force.
3. What is energy?
4. State Newton’s first law of motion.
5. What is inertia?
6. Define velocity.
7. What is acceleration?
8. State Newton’s second law of motion.
9. What is momentum?
10. Define work in physics.
11. What is kinetic energy?
12. Define potential energy.
13. State the law of conservation of energy.
14. What is power?
15. Define pressure.
16. What is density?
17. What is mass?
18. Define weight.
19. What is gravitational force?
20. State Newton’s law of gravitation.
21. Define friction.
22. What is the speed of light?
23. What is refraction?
24. Define reflection.
25. What is the difference between mass and weight?
26. Define simple machine.
27. What is an electric current?
28. Define resistance in physics.
29. What is Ohm’s Law?
30. What is a magnetic field?
31. Define the unit of force.
32. What is a scalar quantity?
33. What is a vector quantity?
34. Define displacement.
35. What is thermal energy?
36. State Archimedes’ principle.
37. What is buoyant force?
38. Define potential difference.
39. What is an atom?
40. Define molecule.
41. What is a lever?
42. Define equilibrium in physics.
43. What is torque?
44. State the three laws of thermodynamics.
45. What is specific heat capacity?
46. Define frequency in terms of waves.
47. What is amplitude?
48. What is a wave?
49. What is a longitudinal wave?
50. Define transverse wave.
51. What is a medium in physics?
52. State the law of reflection.
53. What is total internal reflection?
54. Define critical angle.
55. What is a concave mirror?
56. What is a convex mirror?
57. Define lens.
58. What is a concave lens?
59. What is a convex lens?
60. State Coulomb’s law.
61. What is electric charge?
62. Define capacitance.
63. What is an electric circuit?
64. Define magnetic flux.
65. What is electromagnetic induction?
66. Who discovered the electron?
67. What is a diode?
68. Define atom’s nucleus.
69. What is nuclear fusion?
70. What is nuclear fission?
71. Define radiation.
72. What is radioactivity?
73. What is uniform motion?
74. Define non-uniform motion.
75. What is Newton’s third law of motion?
76. What is centripetal force?
77. Define centrifugal force.
78. What is oscillatory motion?
79. What is periodic motion?
80. Define impulse.
81. What is angular momentum?
82. What is a thermocouple?
83. Define resistance in terms of heat.
84. What is conduction?
85. What is convection?
86. What is radiation in terms of heat transfer?
87. Define moment of inertia.
88. What is Bernoulli’s principle?
89. What is a pendulum?
90. Define the term ‘moment’.
91. What is resonance?
92. What is the principle of conservation of momentum?
93. What is latent heat?
94. Define sublimation.
95. What is an electron’s charge?
96. What is Planck’s constant?
97. What is Einstein’s equation for energy?
98. Define pressure in fluids.
99. What is viscosity?
100. What is absolute zero?

Answers to the Questions on ‘Physics Basics’

1. Physics is the branch of science that studies matter, energy, and the interactions between them.
2. Force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from its interaction with another object.
3. Energy is the capacity to do work.
4. Newton’s first law states that an object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
5. Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in its state of motion.
6. Velocity is the speed of an object in a particular direction.
7. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity of an object.
8. Newton’s second law states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object times its acceleration (F = ma).
9. Momentum is the product of the mass and velocity of an object.
10. Work is done when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force.
11. Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion.
12. Potential energy is the stored energy of an object due to its position or state.
13. The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
14. Power is the rate at which work is done.
15. Pressure is the force exerted per unit area.
16. Density is mass per unit volume of a substance.
17. Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
18. Weight is the force exerted on an object due to gravity.
19. Gravitational force is the force of attraction between two objects due to their masses.
20. Newton’s law of gravitation states that every mass attracts every other mass with a force proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.
21. Friction is the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another.
22. The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 299,792,458 m/s.
23. Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.
24. Reflection is the bouncing back of light rays when they hit a surface.
25. Mass is the amount of matter in an object; weight is the force due to gravity on that mass.
26. A simple machine is a mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force.
27. An electric current is the flow of electric charge.
28. Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current.
29. Ohm’s Law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.
30. A magnetic field is the region around a magnet where magnetic forces act.
31. The unit of force is the Newton (N).
32. A scalar quantity has only magnitude, not direction.
33. A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction.
34. Displacement is the shortest distance between the initial and final positions of an object.
35. Thermal energy is the total internal energy of a system due to the motion of its particles.
36. Archimedes’ principle states that a body submerged in a fluid experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces.
37. Buoyant force is the upward force exerted by a fluid on a submerged object.
38. Potential difference is the work done in moving a unit charge from one point to another.
39. An atom is the basic unit of matter.
40. A molecule is a group of atoms bonded together.
41. A lever is a simple machine that consists of a rigid bar pivoting around a point.
42. Equilibrium occurs when the net force on an object is zero.
43. Torque is the turning effect of a force about an axis.
44. The three laws of thermodynamics describe the principles governing heat transfer and energy.
45. Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by 1°C.
46. Frequency is the number of wave cycles that pass a point per unit time.
47. Amplitude is the maximum extent of a vibration or wave from its rest position.
48. A wave is a disturbance that transfers energy through a medium or space.
49. A longitudinal wave is a wave where particle motion is parallel to the direction of wave propagation.
50. A transverse wave is a wave where particle motion is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
51. A medium is a substance through which a wave can travel.
52. The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.
53. Total internal reflection occurs when light is completely reflected within a medium.
54. The critical angle is the minimum angle of incidence for which total internal reflection occurs.
55. A concave mirror curves inward.
56. A convex mirror curves outward.
57. A lens is a transparent object that bends light to form an image.
58. A concave lens is thinner at the center and diverges light rays.
59. A convex lens is thicker at the center and converges light rays.
60. Coulomb’s law states that the force between two charges is directly proportional to their magnitudes and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
61. An electric charge is a physical property that causes a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.
62. Capacitance is the ability of a system to store charge.
63. An electric circuit is a path in which electrons flow.
64. Magnetic flux is the measure of the quantity of magnetism.
    

65. Electromagnetic induction is the generation of electric current by changing magnetic fields.

66. The electron was discovered by J.J. Thomson.
67. A diode is a semiconductor device that allows current to flow in one direction.
68. The nucleus is the dense center of an atom.
69. Nuclear fusion is the joining of two light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus.
70. Nuclear fission is the splitting of a heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei.
71. Radiation is energy emitted in the form of waves or particles.
72. Radioactivity is the emission of radiation from unstable atomic nuclei.
73. Uniform motion is motion at a constant speed in a straight line.
74. Non-uniform motion involves changes in speed or direction.
75. Newton’s third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
76. Centripetal force keeps an object moving in a circular path.
77. Centrifugal force is the apparent force that pushes a rotating object away from the center.
78. Oscillatory motion is motion that repeats itself in a regular cycle.
79. Periodic motion is motion that repeats at regular intervals.
80. Impulse is the change in momentum of an object.
81. Angular momentum is the rotational equivalent of linear momentum.
82. A thermocouple is a device that measures temperature differences using two different metals.
83. Resistance in terms of heat is opposition to the flow of heat through a material.
84. Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact.
85. Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of fluids.
86. Radiation is heat transfer through electromagnetic waves.
87. Moment of inertia is the rotational analog of mass.
88. Bernoulli’s principle relates the pressure of a fluid to its speed and height.
89. A pendulum is a weight suspended from a pivot that swings freely.
90. A moment is the turning effect of a force about a point.
91. Resonance occurs when an object vibrates at its natural frequency.
92. The principle of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of a system remains constant.
93. Latent heat is the heat required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature.
94. Sublimation is the transition of a substance from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid state.
95. An electron’s charge is -1.6 × 10^-19 coulombs.
96. Planck’s constant is 6.626 × 10^-34 Js.
97. Einstein’s equation for energy is E=mc².
98. Pressure in fluids is the force exerted by a fluid per unit area.
99. Viscosity is a fluid’s resistance to flow.
100. Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature where molecular motion stops.

Key Takeaways

1. Physics explores fundamental principles governing natural phenomena.
2. Newton’s laws describe motion and forces.
3. Energy comes in various forms, conserved in closed systems.
4. Electricity and magnetism are key physics branches.
5. Waves exhibit properties like frequency and amplitude.
6. Reflection and refraction explain light behavior.
7. Simple machines illustrate basic mechanical concepts.
8. Thermodynamics covers heat and work.
9. Nuclear physics examines atomic structure and reactions.
10. Physics applies to everyday technologies and innovations.

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