Biology – Study of Micro-Organisms -Important Points

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Biology

Study of Micro-Organisms ..continued

1-Pasteurization or pasteurisation is a process that kills microbes (mainly bacteria) in food and drink, such as milk, juice, canned food, and others.
It was invented by French scientist Louis Pasteur .

2- In this Pasteurization method , the milk is heated upto 70 degree centigrade for 15 to 30 seconds and then suddenly chilled and stored.This prevents the growth of the micro-organisms.

3-Botulism-It is a disease cause by Bacteria.

4-Antibiotics-Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by living organisms which have a killing effect on other micro-organisms.

5-Penicillium -A kind of fungi used for producing penicillium.

6-Lactobacillus -A kind of bacteria .These are rod in shape.

7-Bacillus Thuringiensis -A kind of microorganism which causes botulism disease in man.

7-Sterilisation -It is a term referring to any process that eliminates or kills all forms of bacteria,virus, spore forms etc.It is action taken to kill micro-organisms.

8-The discovery of antibiotic penicillin was announced in 1929.Alexander Fleming was awarded Nobel Prize for his great discovery in 1945.

9-Tetracycline is an antibiotic which cures bacterial diseases like Typhoid,plague,Tuberculosis.

10-Dr Edward Jenner discovered vaccine for small pox in 1796.

11-The other name for Tetracycline is Aureomycin.Dr Yellapragadha Subbarao discovered discovered it.

12-Dr Albert Sabin discovered oral vaccine that cures polio disease in children.

13-Dr Jonas Salk discovered vaccine(injection) that cures polio disease in children.

14-Dr Ronald Ross discovered Malarial parasite life history, which helps in controlling malaria.

15-Lazzero Spallanzani discovered bioling technique to kill the micro-organisms by means of boiling.

16-Cholera and Typhoid are transmitted by contaminated water.

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