GK/General Awareness/G-Studies,

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GK

1-The term ‘Hindu’ actually came to be used only after 1000 CE. It derives from the word ‘Sindhu’, referring to the river Sindhu (or Indus).

2- The Vedas, Upanishads, The Ramayana, The Mahabharata (of which the Bhagawad Gita was a part) and the Puranas came to be regarded as sacred books.

3- The Bhagavatas worshipped Vishnu or Narayana. They believed that Vishnu was the ultimate god, who created this universe and was all powerful and all knowing.

4-Twelve main devotees of Vishnu were called the Alvars – the most important among them being Periyalvar and Nammalvar. Andal, the daughter of Periyalvar, is the only woman among them.

5-In the Middle East, in the region now called Israel and Palestine, a new religion called Christianity developed after Jesus Christ.

6- Jesus Christwas born at Bethlehem near Jerusalem (now in Israel) about 2000 years ago.

7-The Bible is the holy book of the Christians and it contains the teachings of Christ

8-In Arabia, around the same time of Appar and others in India, a new religion arose which emphasised devotion to one God. The new religion was Islam, which was founded by Prophet Mohammad.

9-Prophet Mohammad was born in Arabia at Mecca in 570 CE. Prophet taught that there is only one God and that all human beings are His creations.

10-Mohammad is considered as a Prophet or messenger of Allah. The teachings of Allah are written in a book called Quran. It is the holy book of Islam

11-Islam was brought to India by Arab traders who visited the ports of India.

12-Sikkim was an independent country till 1975 ruled by the kings called Chogyals. That year, Sikkim became a part of India and a democratic government was established

13-Sikkim is situated the boundary between India, Nepal, Bhutan and Tibet (China).

14-As many as eleven languages are spoken by the people of Sikkim!

15-Kanchenjunga, one of the highest peaks of the Himalayas, is in Sikkim.

16-Thar Desert is situated on the border of India and Pakistan. A large part of it is in the Marwar region of Rajasthan state.

17-Vemulawada is a Nagara Panchayat 33 km away from the district headquarters of Karimnagar. It has 20 wards and it was a major gram panchayat until 2011. The Raja Rajeshwara Swami temple is a well known pilgrim centre.

18- Providing public amenities in towns and cities is a very complex job and needs a large organisation. This organisation is called Municipality.

 There are three kinds of municipal bodies depending upon the size of the population

 Nagar Panchayat: 20,000 to 40,000 people;

 Municipal Council: 40,000 to 3,00,000 people;

 Municipal Corporation: More than 3,00,000 people

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