History

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Medieval India

 

1-Shivaji was the founder of Maratha State.

He fought against the state of Deccan, as well as the mughal empire.

Shivaji was a great administrator.

2- In 1681, Akbar, the son of Aurangzeb revolted against him.

3-Pope Alexander VI granted the Portuguese the monopoly to trade with the east in 1492 .

4-Albukirk was the successor of Almeda in India.

His objective was to establish a Portuguese colony in India by intermarrying with Indians.

5-Under the leadership of Captain Hawkins, the English fleet reached India in 1608.

6- Guru Tegh Bahadur is the 9th Guru of the Sikh order

He openly protested against the religious policy of Aurangzeb.

Aurangzeb called him to Delhi and asked him to accept Islam. When he refused, he was beheaded.

7- VascodeGama came to India as the representative of the ruler of Portugal.

VascodeGama met Zamorin of Calicut and obtained trade facilities.

8-Shivaji was succeeded by Sambhaji who was captured and put to death by Aurangzeb.

9- Almeda remained in India as the first Portuguese Governor from 1505 to 1509.

10-After coming to India, the Dutch established their trade centres at Surat, Bharaunch, Cambay, Ahmedabad, Chinsura, Kasim Bazar, Patna, Balasore, Nagapattanam, Kochin, Masulipattanam and Agra.

11-The main aim of the Dutch was to trade with the Islands of south-east Asia.

12-The Nawab of Bengal issued an order to the French Company and they established a commercial Factory at Chandranagar in the year 1692.

13-The Mughal King Farrukh Siyar granted a Firman to the British giving them the trade rights in 1717.

14-Rajaram ruled only as the representative of Shahu—the son of Shambhaji who was imprisoned by Aurangzeb.

Rajaram never occupied the Maratha throne.

After the death of Raja Ram Maratha war of independence was carried on by his wife Tarabai.

15-The title of Malika-i-Zamani was conferred upon Arjumand Bano Begum.

16-Aurangzeb appointed Subedars and Muhatsibs to check the spread of education and Hinduism.

17-Under Aurangzeb, the Hindu traders paid 5% tax on goods while the Muslim traders were free from this tax.

18-Aurangzeb issued orders to prohibit the celebration of Holi, Diwali and Basant etc. in the Mughal Court.

19-Aurangzeb passed an order and prohibited the repairs of the temples by the Hindus.

20-The first coronation of Aurangzeb was performed on 31 July, 1658 and the second coronation took place on 15 June, 1659.